Temperature
Till now we have learned various types of measurements such length, weight, capacity and time. But none of these measurements can be used to find how hot or cold any object is.
Temperature is another important aspect we refer to in our daily lives. It tells us about the degree of hotness or coldness of an object. Let us look at a few examples-
Now, the question here is how cold or how hot?
By simply touching, we can easily tell if the object is warm or cold. But at the same time, it is difficult to know the exact level of hotness or coldness by touch because the sense of touch varies from one person to another.
So, to find the degree of hotness or coldness i.e. the temperature of any object we use an instrument known as a thermometer.
Clinical Thermometer
A medical thermometer, also known as a clinical thermometer is a thermometer used to measure body temperature.
The temperature of a normal human body is approximately 37 °C or 98.6 °F.
Temperature Joke
Q- I am hard in very low temperatures but I cry in high temperatures. What am I?
A- Ice cube
Scales
Each thermometer has a scale. We use two different scales for measuring temperature:
- The Fahrenheit Scale
The Fahrenheit scale ranges from 32° F (thirty-two degrees Fahrenheit) to 212° F (two hundred twelve degrees Fahrenheit),
Here, 32° F indicates the freezing point of water and 212° F indicates the boiling point of water.
- The Celsius Scale
Celsius scale ranges from 0° C (zero degree Celsius) to 100° C (hundred degrees Celsius),
Here, 0° C indicates the freezing point of water and 100° C indicates the boiling point of water.
Conversion of Scales
- When the temperature is given in degree Celsius:
Conversion Rule-
Steps to be followed-
Step 1: Multiply the given temperature in degree by 9
Step 2: Divide the product obtained by 5.
Step 3: Add 32 to the quotient obtained in step 2 to get the temperature in degree Fahrenheit.
Example:
Convert 55° C into degree Fahrenheit.
Solution
To convert into degree Fahrenheit
F = 9/5 × C + 32
First,we multiply 55 by 9 and we get product as 495.
Then, we divide 495 by 5 and answer we get is 99.
Now, we add 32 to 99 and final answer we get is 131.
Therefore, 55° C = 131° F
- When the temperature is given in degree Fahrenheit:
Step 1: Subtract 32 from the given temperature in degree
Step 2: Multiply the difference obtained from step 1 by 5.
Step 3: Divide the product obtained from step 2 by 9 to get the temperature in degree Celsius.
Example:
Convert 90° F into degree Celsius.
Solution
To convert into degree Celsius
C = (F – 32) × 5/9
First, we need to subtract 32 from 90 and we get 58.
Then, multiply 58 by 5 we get answer as 290.
Now, we divide 290 by 9 and we get answer as 32.2.
Therefore, 90° F = 32.2° C
#Can you find at what temperature is Fahrenheit equal to Celsius?
Fun Facts
- Sun is known to be a class G yellow star.The average surface temperature of Sun is 5,600 Kelvin.
- 57.8 °C (136 °F) is the hottest temperature ever recorded on Earth. It was recorded on September 13, 1922 in Al ‘Aziziyah located in Libya. The coldest temperature ever measured was -126 Fahrenheit (-88 Celsius) at Vostok Station in Antarctica.
- The winter of 1932 was so cold that Niagara Falls froze over completely.